安疫肽、肽好、高免多糖对雏鸡免疫功能的影响试验研究

对免疫新城疫、法氏囊和处于免疫抑制状态的雏鸡使用安疫肽(Compound amino acid solution,VESPRO solution)(饮水、注射)、肽好(Immunoglobulin powder,IG powder)(饮水)、高免多糖(Astragalus Polysaccharide powder,APS powder)(饮水),测定新城疫免疫、法氏囊免疫后的各免疫学指标、抗体水平、白细胞介素产生及免疫抑制鸡群白细胞介素产生、抗体水平。结果表明,肽好组、安疫肽饮水组对脾脏、法氏囊、胸腺的发育有较显著的影响,其中安疫肽饮水使用效果最佳,高免多糖有提高法氏囊指数的作用。安疫肽、肽好、高免多糖均对提高抗体水平较好,安疫肽饮水、注射及高免多糖,均能在提高抗体水平的基础上提高整齐度。     

水解蛋白婴儿配方奶粉的研究

本文介绍了婴儿对牛乳蛋白过敏的原因,并根据水解蛋白防过敏的特性生产加工了低过敏婴儿配方奶粉,通过研究分析发现其感官品质和营养成分与常规配方婴儿奶粉无明显差异。     

离子色谱法测定婴幼儿配方奶粉中胆碱的含量

建立离子色谱法测定婴幼儿配方奶粉中胆碱含量的方法。选用IonPac CS12A阳离子交换色谱柱（250mm×4mm）和18mmol／L甲烷磺酸淋洗液,采用抑制型电导检测器测定胆碱的含量。结果表明：胆碱的最低检出量为0．1mg／L,不同添加水平的平均回收率为95．0％～102．5％。该方法具有灵敏度高、选择性强、操作简单等优点。     

中药添加剂降低牛奶中体细胞作用的功效试验

乳汁中体细胞增高,是奶牛隐性乳腺炎的主要指标,用传统中兽医理论组方,针对奶牛隐性乳腺炎,配制了一种具有清热解毒、通经活络和提高乳房抵抗力及免疫功能的中药添加剂——"降体细胞中药添加剂",并对奶牛隐性乳腺炎病例进行了降低体细胞的治疗试验。结果显示,其一个疗程(7d)对奶牛隐性乳腺炎病例降低体细胞功能的有效率为83%,略高于市售产品对照组80%的有效率。因为是纯中药配方,可作为市售同功效但泌乳期禁用药物的替代产品。     

Manipulation of rumen fermentation and ecology of swamp buffalo by coconut oil and garlic powder supplementation

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of coconut oil and garlic powder supplementation on digestibility of nutrients, rumen fermentation, rumen ecology, rumen microorganism and methanogen diversity. Four, 3-year old, rumen fistulated swamp buffalo bulls were randomly assigned in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to receive four dietary treatments; 7% coconut oil, 7% coconut oil with 50 g/day of garlic powder, 7% coconut oil with 100 g/day of garlic powder and non-supplemented (control). During the experiment, concentrate was offered at 0.5% of BW while rice straw was given on ad libitum basis. It was found that supplementation of 7% coconut oil had significantly influenced on total DM intake, OM, NDF and ADF digestibilites while supplementation of 7% coconut oil with garlic powder (50 and 100 g/day) were not significantly different when compared with the control. Dietary supplementations did not affect on rumen pH, NH₃–N concentrations. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was significantly higher in supplemented groups. Total VFA concentration, proportion of acetate and acetate to propionate ratio were reduced by supplementation. Proportion of propionate was increased (P < 0.05) when supplemented with 7% coconut oil and 7% coconut oil with 100 g/day of garlic powder. Methane production was dramatically reduced (P = 0.005) in supplemented treatments and was 10% reduced in 7% coconut oil supplementation. Amylolytic and proteolytic bacteria were increased (P = 0.007 and P = 0.024) while protozoal population decreased by 68–75% (P < 0.01) by supplementation. Total bacterial population was increased by supplementation while total fungi and total methanogens were not significantly different among treatments. Percentage of cellulolytic bacterial population was not different among treatments. However, dietary supplementation reduced (P < 0.001) percentage of F. succinogenes population. However, methanogen diversity was not changed using PCR–DGGE as technique. Thirteen separate bands were found in the DGGE gel. Based on this study, supplementation with 7% coconut oil plus 100 g/day of garlic powder could be efficiently utilized in the rumen and thus, could provide good fermentation end products and improve rumen ecology for the host swamp buffaloes particularly in reducing 9% methane gas production without changing nutrient digestibilities.     

酵素菌肥施用量对日光温室土壤及芹菜产量品质的影响

通过田间试验研究了酵素菌肥不同施用量对日光温室土壤、芹菜产量及品质的影响。结果表明:供试土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、全盐含量随酵素菌肥施用量的增加而显著增加,pH则随施用量的增加而显著降低;在15～45t/hm~2施肥范围内,随酵素菌肥用量的增加,芹菜产量线性增加,VC含量略下降,可溶性糖含量显著增加,芹菜体内硝态氮含量显著升高,但仍属于A级绿色蔬菜。     

转化桑叶的毛头鬼伞子实体的降血糖作用

研究了转化桑叶的毛头鬼伞(Coprinus comatus)子实体对四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠体重、血糖、血清胰岛素、肝糖原、果糖胺、血脂代谢、体内氧化压力、肝脏中糖代谢酶活性等的影响.转化桑叶的鸡腿菇子实体提高了单一毛头鬼伞子实体或桑叶的降血糖作用,促进了胰岛素分泌,降低了体内氧化压力,提高了糖代谢的酶活性,但对血脂调节作用不显著.     

桦褐孔菌发酵菌粉成分分析

对桦褐孔菌(lnonotus obliquus)发酵菌粉中的各种成分进行了较全面的分析.结果表明发酵菌粉中营养成分较丰富,其中粗蛋白、总氨基酸含量分别为25.73％和15.18％.菌粉中不饱和脂肪酸是优势脂肪酸,以亚油酸和油酸为主,还含有丰富的甾醇、酚类物质和多种矿质元素.用桦褐孔菌发酵菌粉提取粗多糖,得率为28.55％、多糖的分子量主要集中在2～40 kDa,单糖组成为阿拉伯糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖,摩尔比为:1.3:1.0:20.4:2.1,多糖产品中含有酸性多糖,糖苷键主要是a型.     

背负式喷雾喷粉机的现状及发展

作物病虫草害是农业生产的最大障碍，实施防治其危害的植保机械，是保证增产稳产的重要措施。植保机械使用技术严重落后的现状与高速发展的农药水平极不相称，已严重妨碍了农作物病虫草害的防治，带来了诸如农药有效利用率低、农产品中农药残留超标、环境污染、作物药害、操作者中毒等负面影响，造成了不应有的损失以及其他不良后果。为此，植保机械需从结构、配套产品、药水配制和用材等多方面进行改进，以推进植保技术发展。